Introduction:

Electric change is a property of matter. Usually matter is electrically neutral however, we can charge a body using friction. 

For example: By rubbing wool against two pieces of plastic rods we can make them repel eachother. If we do the same with two pieces of glass rods and silk, the same phenomena can be observed, however, if one of the plastic and glass were to placed next to each other the two rods would attract. To understand this observation we can assume:

• the process of rubbing involves the transfer of charge from one body to the other.

• charge can be positive and negative

• there is a force between charged bodies that can be attractive or repulsive. 

Properties of Electric Charge:

First Property

Electric Charge is always conserved. Similar to total energy, electric charge cannot be created or destroyed. No matter the process the total charge cannot change. 

Positive charge is the property of protons and negative charge is the property of electrons. In solid metals atoms are fixed in place but electrons may not be. These electrons are called "free electrons". When a materials had many of the "free electrons" they are known as conductors and materials with very few "free electrons" are known as insulators. 

Second Property

Electric charge is a quantized quantity; meaning-you can’t have just any amount of electric charge — it always comes in chunks (like Legos 🧱). And the smallest chunk is the charge of one electron. This charge is symbolized by e. The SI unit of charge is coulomb (C) where 1e = 1.6 x 10^-19 C (Its in you D.B!).

Electrostatic induction:

Electrostatic induction is another way to charge a body. 

Introduction:

Magnetic fields always go from North to South (just like colonialism).